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Administrating system-wide Debian packages

Tools

  • apt - for interactive simple command-line tasks
  • apt-get - for scripted tasks
  • aptitude - for fullscreen browsing and complex tasks

System upgrade

Make sure your current system is up-to-date.
Check </etc/apt/sources.list*> files that only current release is used. Then update and upgrade:

apt update
apt upgrade

Make sure that all auto-installed packages are marked as such.
Start aptitude in fullscreen mode:

aptitude -u

In aptitude...:

  • Check each installed package: Flag as auto-installed as appropriate
  • Remove no longer used packages as needed (press "g" twice).

Double-check packages unneeded for or alien to current release.
Compute package lists:

localbackuppkglists

After running the above, locate and inspect aliens and explicits below </etc//localpkglists.>.